LoRaWAN Based Environmental Monitoring

Rahul S Mahendrakar

Abstract: Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and climate change have increased environmental challenges such as floods, air pollution, and water contamination, while traditional monitoring systems are expensive, energy-intensive, and lack real-time monitoring capabilities. To address these issues, this paper presents an IoT-based LoRaWAN Environmental Monitoring System that provides a cost-effective, low-power, and scalable solution for real-time environmental monitoring. The proposed system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a LoRa SX1278 communication module and various environmental sensors, including DHT11 (temperature and humidity sensor), MQ135 (air quality sensor), LDR (light intensity sensor), and Soil Moisture Sensor. The collected environmental data is processed and transmitted wirelessly over long distances using LoRaWAN technology. The system supports real-time monitoring and an alert mechanism that notifies users whenever monitored parameters exceed predefined threshold values. Experimental results demonstrate reliable long-range communication, low power consumption, and accurate environmental sensing, making the system suitable for applications such as smart agriculture, environmental protection, disaster management, and smart city development.

Keywords: LoRaWAN, Internet of Things (IoT), ESP32, SX1278, Environmental Monitoring, Wireless Sensor Networks